Server

Definition: A server refers to computer software or computer hardware that runs such software and manages resources to provide services to users. It has high computing power, storage capacity and network connection capability, and can provide services for multiple users in a network environment.

Classification: Depending on the type of services provided, servers can be divided into various types, such as file servers, which are used to offer file storage and sharing services; Database servers, such as Oracle and MySQL, are used for storing and managing large-scale data. Web servers, such as Apache and Nginx, provide web browsing and website access services; Mail server, responsible for processing and storing emails; Application server, used for running and managing specific applications, etc.

Appearance: Common server appearances include tower servers, rack servers, blade servers and cabinet servers.

Network equipment

Router: Routers operate at the network layer and are responsible for transmitting data packets from one network to another. It features functions such as network 

interconnection, path selection, data packet forwarding, and network isolation. It can enhance network security through technologies like access control lists and network address translation. Additionally, it supports virtual private networks, allowing remote users to securely access internal network resources.

Network switch: Switches operate at the data link layer and are responsible for receiving, processing and forwarding Ethernet frames within a local area network. Its main functions include data frame forwarding, MAC address learning, redundant link support, network segmentation, priority marking and port security, etc. By creating a virtual local area network, switches can achieve logical segmentation of the network, enhancing its security and performance.

Network Attached Storage (NAS) : NAS is a network device specifically designed for storing and sharing data. It connects to servers and workstations via a network, providing a centralized data storage solution. NAS supports multiple network protocols, enabling file sharing. It also features data backup and recovery capabilities. Some NAS devices also support multimedia streaming services and private cloud functions.